Los filtros actuales son: Año inicio = 2016, Año final = 2021

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Alfredsson I., Anaya-Carlsson K., Barker M., Blanquer-Espert I., Carrillo R., Carrosán-Amilburu C., Cesevičiūtė I., Clare H., Diochnou V., Dobrucky M., Dumouchel S., Fazekas-Parragh J., Filiposka S., Fillery-Travis A., Flynn K., Gaillard V., Kalaitzi V., Konijn J., Kuchma I., La Rocca G., Lazzeri E., Legat D., Maarit-Sunikka A., Manola N., Matser V., Mayor L., Petra E., Petrillo C., Piera J., Portugal-Melo A., Proficz J., Psomopoulos F., T.D. Reimer R., Smith C., Stangeland E., Stoy L., Svendsen M., Toth-Czifra E. (2021)
Ed. Michelle Barker, Natalia Manola, Vinciane Gaillard, Iryna Kuchma, Emma Lazzeri and Lennart Stoy. The EOSC Executive Board. DOI: 10.2777/59065.
ISBN. 978-92-76-28948-7. (
BibTeX: alfredsson.etal.2021)
Digital skills for FAIR1 and open science are a cornerstone of the European Open Science
Cloud (EOSC)’s operations and future. An EOSC network of skilled professionals is essential
to bring a culture change for sharing research outcomes, and to empower individuals and
institutions to develop and maintain EOSC competences, skills and capabilities.
The EOSC Skills and Training Working Group (WG) was formed in 2020 to identify a
framework for building competence and capabilities for EOSC.

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García-Ladona E., Allegue J.M., Ballabrera J., Pérez F. (2021)
Este documento recoge los aspectos técnicos relativos a los formatos y sistemas de intercambio de información entre las diferentes instituciones del proyecto Corrientes Oceánicas y Seguridad en el MedioMarinO(COSMO)

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Berdalet E., Marrasé C., Pelegrí J.Ll. (2020)
Resumen sobre la Formación y Consecuencias de la Borrasca Gloria (19-24 enero 2020). Ed. E. Berdalet, C. Marrasé, J.Ll. Pelegrí. CSIC - Instituto de Ciencias del Mar (ICM). 1-37. DOI: 10.20350/digitalCSIC/12496. (
BibTeX: berdalet.etal.2020b)
[ES] La borrasca o tormenta Gloria, que nació el 17 de enero de 2020 en el Atlántico Norte como una pequeña perturbación, tuvo un importante impacto sobre las Islas Balears y todo el litoral levantino de la Península Ibérica, entre Cap de Creus y Cap de la Nau. Entre el 19 y 24 de enero, toda la parte oriental de la Península Ibérica experimentó fuertes precipitaciones (valores máximos de más de 400 litros/m2), y a lo largo de toda la costa levantina se sucedieron fuertes vientos (valores medios de 15 m/s y rachas de hasta 36 m/s), una notable subida en el nivel del mar (hasta más de 0.6 m), fuertes corrientes (valores máximos por encima de 0.8 m/s) y oleaje extremo (altura significante máxima alrededor de 8 m). Todo ello impactó severamente en la costa, con un retroceso significativo de las playas, particularmente aquellas abiertas hacia el este y noreste. También se produjeron notables fenómenos de inundación que afectaron a estructuras costeras y formaciones naturales, muy especialmente, al Delta del Ebre. [...]
[CAT] Resum sobre la Formació i Conseqüències de la Borrasca Glòria (19-24 gener 2020). La borrasca o tempesta Glòria, que va néixer el 17 de gener de 2020 a l\'Atlàntic Nord com una petita pertorbació, va tenir un important impacte sobre les Illes Balears i tot el litoral llevantí de la Península Ibèrica, entre el Cap de Creus i el Cap de la Nao. Del 19 al 24 de gener, tota la part oriental de la Península Ibèrica va experimentar fortes precipitacions (valors màxims de més de 400 litres/m²), i al llarg de tota la costa llevantina van bufar forts vents (amb valors mitjans de 15 m/s i ratxes de fins a 36 m/s), es va produir un notable increment en el nivell de la mar (fins a més de 0,6 m), forts corrents (amb valors màxims per sobre de 0,8 m/s) i onatge extrem (altura significant màxima al voltant dels 8 m). Tot això va impactar severament la costa, on les platges van experimentar una reculada significativa, particularment les obertes amb orientació est i nord-est. També va causar notables inundacions que van afectar tant estructures costaneres com formacions naturals, molt especialment, el Delta del Ebre. [...]

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Solé J. (2020)

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Stoffelen A., Mouche A., Polverari F., Van Zadelhoff G.J., Saap J., Portabella M., Chang P., Lin W., Jelenak Z. (2020)
Global information on the motion near the ocean surface is generally lacking, limiting the physical modelling capabilities of the forcing of the world´s water surfaces by the atmosphere (Belmonte and Stoffelen, 2019). This also limits our knowledge of the exchange of momentum across the ocean‐atmosphere interface, affecting meteorological and ocean applications (Trindade et al., 2019). A particularly pressing requirement in the Ocean Surface Vector Wind (OSVW) community is to obtain reliable extreme winds in hurricanes (> 30 m s‐1) from wind scatterometers, since extreme wind, storm surge and wave forecasts for societal warning are a high priority in nowcasting as well as in Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP)

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Zhan Q., Vall-llossera M., Pablos M., , , Portal G., Chaparro D. (2020)
IGARSS 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Virtual Event, 2020. (
BibTeX: zhan.etal.2020)
Unaffected by the atmospheric conditions and solar
illumination, L-band emission and scattering are sensitive to
vegetation water content and can be used to estimate crop
yield. However, for rice which has an inundated period
during its growing cycle, the current methods do not work
due to the water under the crops. In this paper, we propose
to use Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry
(GNSS-R) signals to find how the water in rice field
influence vegetation optical depth (VOD) which had been
recently used to estimate the crop yield. SM and VOD in
Thailand rice fields are compared to signal to noise ratio
(SNR) from CYGNSS. Good correlation among them has
been found. Results indicate that GNSS-R signals can be
used to flag the presence of water and develop an adapted
VOD algorithm that can be used to improve the estimation
of rice yields.
Palabras clave: yield estimation, rice, SMOS, GNSS-R, VOD

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García-Olivares A., Solé J., Osychenko O. (2019)
The authors regret that in page 274 of the pdf file (Section 3.5) it appears the following text. The equation should be modified adding the red expression in it; the numbers in red in the text should replace the numbers that appear in the current pdf. [...]

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Grieco G., Stoffelen A., Portabella M. (2019)
Proc. of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Yokohama, Japan, 28 July - 2 August. (
BibTeX: grieco.etal.2019b)
This paper presents an assessment of the effects of specular
point (SP) estimation inaccuracies on the Signal to Noise
Ratio peak (SNRPEAK) used for ocean wind speed retrievals
from TechDemoSat-1 (TDS-1) Delay Doppler Maps
(DDMs). Results show that the more inaccurate the estimated
Doppler frequency at the SP, the lower the intensity of the
SNRPEAK. Differences may be up to 2 dB.
Palabras clave: GNSS-R, SNR peak, Doppler frequency, specular point.

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Hilliard L.M., Petrov L., LeMoine F., Rajagopalan G., Elosegui P., Ruszczyk C., Gipson J., Horsley D., Brown G. (2019)
In IGARSS 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 8956–59. Yokohama, Japan: IEEE. DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8897849. (
BibTeX: hilliard.etal.2019)
A Technology Development, Infusion, and an
interleaved joint cal/val opportunity plan is described for
the VLBI GLOBAL OBSERVING SYSTEM (VGOS), and
Earth Science satellite missions that measure water vapor
such as Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core
Observatory that covers the Earth from 65°S to 65°N. The
Jason Continuity of Service (Jason-CS) mission that will
extend global sea-level records to 2030 and beyond is also a
beneficiary and potential partner.
The Space Geodesy Project (SGP) technique known as Very
Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) is already deployed
worldwide, and there are technology returns on investment
to be gained by looking at the water vapor (wet) delay
calibration in a 5year plan that serves to improve
atmospheric models for Global Precipitation Measurement
(GPM), Jason-CS, and the higher spatial resolution
International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), a primary
mission of SGP.

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Lin W., Portabella M., Lang S., Dong X., Xu X., Wang Z., He Y. (2019)
Proc. of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Yokohama, Japan, 28 July - 2 August. (
BibTeX: lin.etal.2019d)
The sea surface winds from the CFOSAT scatterometer (CFOSCAT) are retrieved using the maximum likelihood estimator, and the inversion residual is used to sort the good-quality winds from the poor-quality ones. A twodimensional variational analysis ambiguity removal (2DVAR) scheme is then applied over the CFOSCAT swath such that a unique wind field is selected from the available local scatterometer wind vector ambiguities. The preliminary results of CFOSCAT Level 2 (L2) processing show that the retrieved wind speed is overestimated under low-wind conditions (w < 4 m/s), and is underestimated at high wind conditions (w > 15 m/s). Moreover, the inversion residual for the sweet swath (where there are more than 10 views) is generally higher than that for the nadir/outer swath. These imply that observations with different geometries (views) at the same WVC are inconsistent with respect to the geophysical model function, and thus a comprehensive calibration is highly demanded. A more detailed assessment of the CFOSCAT wind quality will be carried out after calibration and validation campaign.
Palabras clave: CFOSAT, scatterometer, wind, quality control, calibration

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Olmedo E., González-Gambau V., Martínez J., González-Haro C., Turiel A., Portabella M., Arias M., Sabia R., Oliva R., Corbella I. (2019)
Proc. of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Yokohama, Japan, 28 July - 2 August. DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8900562.
ISBN. 978-1-5386-9154-0. (
BibTeX: olmedo.etal.2019b)
The quality of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) Sea Surface Salinity (SSS) maps has been noticeably improved in the last two years, in particular those produced at the Barcelona Expert Center (BEC). However, the BEC SSS maps are still affected by a latitudinal and seasonal bias. In this work, we comprehensively characterize the residual latitudinal and seasonal biases, which are used to correct de retrieved SSS, leading to a new generation of higher-quality SSS maps. The shape and regularity of this bias suggests that the effect, which produces this error, is not a poor characterization of the galaxy, some residual Total Electron Content (TEC) effect, or a poor characterization of the systematic Sea Surface Temperature (SST) effects on the SSS retrieval. It appears to be related to a geometrical effect associated to the relative position between the SMOS antenna, the Sun and the Earth.
Palabras clave: SMOS; Sea Surface Salinity; Latitudinal bias; Seasonal bias.

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Pablos M., Vall-llossera M., Piles M., Camps A., González-Haro C., Turiel A., Herber C.J., Chaparro D., Portal G. (2019)
IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Yokohama, Japan, 2019. 6941-6944. DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8900273.
ISBN. 978-1-5386-9155-7. (
BibTeX: pablos.etal.2019)
Global Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) Level 3 (L3) soil moisture (SM) products are being routinely distributed by the Barcelona Expert Centre (BEC). The quality and accuracy of these SM products have been demonstrated not only by direct validation, but also by its adoption in a wide range of applications. Recently, changes in SMOS Level 2 (L2) SM have led to the reprocessing of the BEC SMOS L3 SM. As in previous versions, a filtering and a weighted binning based on the uncertainty of the SM retrievals by means of the Data Quality Index (DQX) was applied for the L3 production. However, the DQX was modified in the latest L2 release (v650), which could possibly have an influence in the performance of the derived products. This study assesses the impact of the current DQXbased BEC L3 SM quality filtering and binning approach and the possibility of using an alternative strategy based on the chi-squared (χ2 ) parameter, which is defined as the cost function of the retrieval. The study is performed over continental USA using in situ SM from the U.S. Climate Reference Network (USCRN) as a benchmark. In both approaches, similar results were obtained in terms of correlation and unbiased root mean square difference (ubRMSD). Nevertheless, the χ2 -based L3 SM is in general slightly wetter and has a lower dry bias than the DQX-based L3 SM. Further assessments will be performed to stablish the optimal filtering/binning of BEC SMOS L3 SM products.
Palabras clave: SMOS, soil moisture, DQX, chisquared.

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Pelegrí J.L., Marotta H., Navarrete S.A., Pascual A. (2019)
Cambio global. Una mirada desde Iberoamérica. ACCI. Chap. 7. 129-152.
ISBN. 978-84-17519-33-9. (
BibTeX: pelegri.etal.2019)
Aproximadamente el 71% de la superficie del planeta está cubierta por océanos y mares que se encuentran interconectados. A pesar de su importancia, aún desconocemos muchos de los procesos físicos y biogeoquímicos de los océanos y su papel regulador sobre los ecosistemas marinos y terrestres. El objetivo de este capítulo es proporcionar una introducción muchos de los procesos físicos y biogeoquímicos de los océanos, con el énfasis puesto en su capacidad reguladora del ecosistema planetario, en lo que acostumbramos a llamar el estado termodinámico, o clima, de nuestro Planeta. En primer lugar describiremos las principales características de las variables físicas y biogeoquímicas que caracterizan al medio marino, con especial atención a la circulación oceánica y nivel medio del mar, así como a su temperatura, salinidad y nutrientes inorgánicos. A continuación nos centraremos en una de estas propiedades, el carbono, de interés muy especial para comprender el estado actual y posible evolución futura del clima de la Tierra. Concluiremos con unas reflexiones generales sobre la relevancia planetaria de los flujos y transformaciones de masa, energía y vida, y cómo estos flujos están siendo afectados por la actividad humana.

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Pelegrí J.Ll., Vallès‐Casanova I., Orúe‐Echevarría D. (2019)
Kuroshio Current: Physical, Biogeochemical, and Ecosystem Dynamics. In: Geophysical Monograph Series. Ed. T. Nagai, H. Saito, K. Suzuki, M. Takahashi. American Geophysical Union. ol. 243, Chap. 3. 23-50. DOI: 10.1002/9781119428428.ch3.
ISBN. 9781119428343. (
BibTeX: pelegri.etal.2019c)
We present the historical development of the nutrient stream concept, from the initial ideas on the nutrient‐bearing stratum and the transport of inorganic nutrients by the Gulf Stream to the large‐scale inorganic and organic connections in the entire Atlantic Ocean. We mostly analyze and discuss available literature but also present some novel calculations using cruise data and the velocity fields from numerical re‐analysis data. We first examine and discuss the structure of the Gulf Nutrient Stream, the significance of boundary exchange, and the importance of epipycnal and diapycnal processes. We then move to explore the subtropical and remote pathways into the Gulf Nutrient Stream, including the effect of the returning limb of the global overturning circulation, and end up reviewing the concept of nutrient irrigation of the subpolar gyre and its relevance in the spring–fall maintenance of the spring bloom. We close the chapter with some thoughts on the role of streams in the Earth system, as the key conduit for recycling properties within any ocean subsystem while simultaneously connecting the different subsystems, hence bringing about the complexity of the living planet.

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Portabella M., Lin W., Stoffelen A., Verhoef A., Wang Z. (2019)
Associated Scientist report for the EUMETSAT OSI SAF, SAF/OSI/CDOP3/KNMI/SCI/RP/344. (
BibTeX: portabella.etal.2019)
Recent developments on the wind geophysical model function (GMF) of Ku-band scatterometers include a sea surface temperature (SST) dependent term. It has been found that the SST effects on the radar backscatter are wind speed dependent and more pronounced in vertical polarization (VV) than in horizontal polarisation (HH) at higher incidence angles, and are mainly relevant at Ku radar wavelengths rather than at C-band. The new Ku-band GMF, NSCAT-5, was initially based on a physical model and RapidScat radar backscatter measurements, which are only available at two incidence angles, i.e., 48.8⁰ and 55.2⁰, for HH and VV beams, respectively. A more recent CDOP-2 AS study (OSI_AVS_17_01) confirms only small differences when verifying the NSCAT-5 GMF at similar incidence angles, using data from the recently-launched Indian SCATSat-1, which operates at 49.1⁰ (HH) and 57.9⁰ (VV) incidence angle. In order to further consolidate the NSCAT-5 GMF, the current study looks for quality control (QC) dependencies. It is found that indeed, the developed GMF is not particularly sensitive to different QC thresholds. Finally, an improved QC method, based on the successful experience with previous Ku-band rotating pencil-beam scatterometers, is developed for SCATSat-1 data.

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Stoffelen A., Verhoef A., Verpeek J., Vogelzang J., Portabella M., Trindade A., Wang Z., De Chiara G., Payan C., Dhomps A.L., Cress A., Cotton J., Brocca L., Long D., Monteiro I., Bentamy A. (2019)
Contributed International HY-2B Cal/Val results submitted to National Satellite Ocean Application Service (NSOAS). (
BibTeX: stoffelen.etal.2019b)
With great interest we welcome the NSOAS HY-2Bscatterometer, which favorably complements the METOP Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT), the ISRO OceanSat-3 and ScatSat and Chinese-French Ocean Satellite (CFOSAT) scatterometers. Altogether, the international meteorological and oceanographic communities could expect to benefit of wind coverage from this virtual constellation ataround6:00, 7:00, 8:30, 9:30, 12:00, 18:00, 19:00, 20:30 21:30 and 24:00 Local Solar Time (LST), which is very useful for regional and coastal applications, but also for small-scale weather tracking, such as hurricanes, moist convection, and ocean forcing globally (Stoffelen et al., 2019). [...]

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Stoffelen A., De Rosnay P., Calvet J.C., Breivik L.A., Aaboe S., Wagner W., Mouche A., Portabella M., De Chiara G., Cotton J. (2019)

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Corcione V., Grieco G., Portabella M., Nunziata F., Migliaccio M. (2018)
Proc. of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Valencia, Spain, 22-27 July, 2018. (
BibTeX: corcione.etal.2018)
In this study, the azimuth cut-off approach, which is typically adopted to estimate wind speed from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery collected under nominal wind conditions, is discussed with respect to high wind regime cases. First, the key roles played by the pixel spacing, the size of the boxes used to partition the SAR imagery and the image texture (homogeneity) are discussed in terms of their effects on the azimuth cut-off (λc) estimation. Then, the reliability of the λc estimation is analyzed by measuring the distance between the measured and fitted autocorrelation functions (ACFs). This analysis shows that it is of paramount importance to filter unfeasible/unreliable λc values. To identify those values in an objective way a criterion is proposed that is based on the χ2 test performed over a large dataset of Sentinel-1 SAR imagery. The effectiveness of the χ2 test is verified by correlating the accepted estimates against auxiliary significant wave height data.
Palabras clave: SAR, wind speed, azimuth cut-off, significant wave height.

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Grieco G., Stoffelen A., Portabella M. (2018)
Proc. of the 2018 EUMETSAT Meteorological Satellite Conference, Tallinn, Estonia, 17-21 September, 2018. (
BibTeX: grieco.etal.2018)
The impact of specular point location estimate inaccuracies on satellite delay-Doppler map (DDM) observed distortions is assessed in this paper. A set of raw reflected Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS-R) echoes acquired by the satellite constellation Cyclone GNSS (CYGNSS) during hurricanes Irma and Harvey has been recompressed by progressively reducing the Doppler frequency inaccuracy at the specular point. The results show that recompressing raw echoes with highly accurate specular point location estimates strongly reduces the DDM distortions.

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Hoareau N., Portabella M., Lin W., Ballabrera J., Turiel A. (2018)
Proc. of the International Conference on Marine Data and Information Systems (IMDIS), Barcelona, Spain, 5-7 November, 2018. (
BibTeX: hoareau.etal.2018b)
The monitoring of the global distribution of sea surface salinity (SSS) is vital to understand
the ocean’s role in the Earth’s climate. Until the advent of the spaceborne L-band radiometers, SSS observations were mainly acquired by in-situ sensors (moored buoys, drifters, and thermosalinographs). As a result, knowledge of the spatial and temporal variability of salinity has been scarce due to the lack of a comprehensive set of salinity observations. While in-situ data (e.g., Argo floats) were being used in a growing number of studies, numerical models were also widely used as a complementary source of such information. The spatiotemporal resolution achieved by satellite salinity measurements has no equivalent among the other existing salinity observations systems. Since the launch of the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission (2009) and then the Aquarius mission (2001), more than seven years of satellite-derived SSS data, with a spatial and temporal resolution adequate for climate and ocean general circulation studies, have become available. The L-band radiometers onboard SMOS and Aquarius have proven to be challenging and various spatial and temporal averaging and data fusion techniques have been implemented to better recover structured and meaningful geophysical information from remote sensing SSS retrievals. A comprehensive validation is therefore essential to characterize the information provided by the different salinity products.

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Lin W., Portabella M. (2018)
Work Package (WP) 5000 uses the knowledge acquired in previous TGSCATT WPs to consolidate, validate and document the Level-1 to Level-2 inversion algorithms for TDS-1. Validation entails the development of extended TDS-1 matchup datasets with new independent measurements to validate the performance of the inversion algorithms over a wide range of conditions. The task should result in documentation of the TDS-1 Level 2 inversion algorithms in the form of Algorithm Theoretical Basis Documents (ATBD). Over the course of the TGSCATT project, a new Level 2 SGR-ReSI wind dataset, using the so-called Calibrated Bistatic Radar Equation (CBRE) approach [1], has been made available to the team. Such wind dataset addresses several systematic and random errors present in earlier SGR-ReSI data versions and is therefore of high interest to the project. As such, WP5000 has been somewhat redefined and is now focused on the objective validation of the new wind dataset.

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Lin W., Portabella M., Stoffelen A., Verhoef A., Wang Z. (2018)
Proc. of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Valencia, Spain, 22-27 July, 2018. (
BibTeX: lin.etal.2018b)
Recent developments on the wind geophysical model function (GMF) of Ku-band scatterometers include a sea surface temperature (SST) dependent term. It has been found that the SST effects on the radar backscatter are wind speed dependent and more pronounced in vertical polarization (VV) than in horizontal polarisation (HH) at higher incidence angles, and are mainly relevant at radar wavelengths smaller than C-band. The new Ku-band GMF, NSCAT-5, is developed based on a physical model and RapidScat radar backscatter measurements, which are only available at two incidence angles, i.e., 48.8⁰ and 55.2⁰, for HH and VV beams, respectively. The objective of this paper is to verify the NSCAT-5 GMF at similar incidence angles, using data from the scatterometer onboard Indian SCATSat-1 satellite, which operates at 49.1⁰ (HH) and 57.9⁰ (VV) incidence angles. First, the SCATSat-1 backscatter sensitivity to sea surface wind and SST is assessed using the C-band Advance Scatterometer (ASCAT) winds as reference. Second, the approach used to derive the NSCAT-5 GMF for RapidScat is adapted to derive a SST-dependent GMF for SCATSat-1. The new GMF will be used to consolidate the current NSCAT-5 model, and then evaluated for SCATSat-1 wind retrieval.
Palabras clave: Geophysical model function, scatterometer, sea surface temperature, wind

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Luna S., Gold M., Albert A., Ceccaroni L., Claramunt B., Danylo O., Haklay M., Kottmann R., Kyba C., Piera J., Radicchi A., Schade S., Sturm U. (2018)
Multimedia Tools and Applications for Environmental & Biodiversity Informatics. Ed. A. Joly, S. Vrochidis, K. Karatzas, A. Karppinen, P. Bonnet. Springer. Chap. 2. 9-30. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-76445-0_2.
ISBN. 978-3-319-76445-0. (
BibTeX: luna.etal.2018a)
The functionality available on modern ‘smartphone’ mobile devices, along with mobile application software and access to the mobile web, have opened up a wide range of ways for volunteers to participate in environmental and biodiversity research by contributing wildlife and environmental observations, geospatial information, and other context-specific and time-bound data. This has brought about an increasing number of mobile phone based citizen science projects that are designed to access these device features (such as the camera, the microphone, and GPS location data), as well as to reach different user groups, over different project durations, and with different aims and goals. In this chapter we outline a number of key considerations when designing and developing mobile applications for citizen science, with regard to (1) interoperability and data standards, (2) participant centred design and agile development, (3) user interface & user experience design, and (4) motivational factors for participation.
Palabras clave: Mobile Apps; Citizen science; Metadata data standard re-use

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Olmedo E., González-Gambau V., Turiel A., Martínez J., Gabarró C., Ballabrera-Poy J., Portabella M., Arias M., Sabia R. (2018)
Proc. of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Valencia, Spain, 22-27 July, 2018. (
BibTeX: olmedo.etal.2018b)
After more than eight years of Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity
(SMOS) aquisitions, an empirical characterization of the
biases and the computation of an effective brightness temperature
uncertainty is possible. In this work we show that both
parameters strongly depend on the geographical location of
the acquisition. Metrics based on the differences between expected
and theoretical values of the bias and uncertainty are
developed and used for a quantitative assessment of the locations
where SMOS errors are currently being worse characterized.
This characterization can be used for the definition of
an empirical bias correction and a more accurate cost function
which are expected to provide a better SMOS SSS product.
Palabras clave: SMOS, Sea Surface Salinity, Brightness Temperature biases, Brightness Temperature uncertainty

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Salat J., Puig P., Flexas M., Balbin R., Sabatés A., Pascual J. (2018)
11 Congreso Internacional AEC. Cartagena 17-19 octubre 2018. Publicaciones de la Asociación Española de Climatología. (
BibTeX: salat.etal.2018)
Desde el invierno de 2013, no se han observado episodios relevantes de formación de aguas profundas en el Mediterráneo Occidental. Ello podría estar relacionado con la suavidad de estos últimos inviernos. No obstante, en 2018 sí ha habido episodios fríos importantes para producir aguas densas, pero no suficientes como para lograr cantidades significativas de nueva agua profunda. En la presente comunicación se plantea la posibilidad de que desde el agotamiento del agua profunda anterior al 2005 en toda la cuenca, en 2015 como más tarde, la formación de nueva agua profunda requiera unas pérdidas de calor latente superiores a las necesarias anteriormente. Este requerimiento, junto a la tendencia global al calentamiento podría causar un debilitamiento de la circulación termohalina mediterránea, con diversas consecuencias a escala regional y global. Entre ellas, una disminución de los intercambios de agua con el Océano y de los niveles de oxígeno en aguas profundas.
Palabras clave: Formación de aguas profundas, inviernos suaves, Mediterráneo Noroccidental, Cambio climático

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Yang X., Corcione V., Nunziata F., Portabella M., Migliaccio M., Mouche A. (2018)
Proc. of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Valencia, Spain, 22-27 July, 2018. (
BibTeX: yang.etal.2018)
Typhoon is one of the most powerful and destructive natural disasters. Accurate forecasting of Typhoon track and intensity is very important to disaster prevention and reduction. Satellite observations can effectively compensate for the shortcomings of traditional methods of sea surface measurement and provide all-weather observation over the sea surface, which is of great significance to improve the numerical prediction of strong convective weather over ocean. The spaceborne radar observes the backscattering caused by the sea surface roughness, and then, the sea surface wind can be retrieved. The Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is an important data source for sea surface monitoring. A variety of meteorological hydrological elements can be retrieved by SAR observation, and it has been used in data assimilation in recent years [1]. SAR imagery is also used to monitor strength and structure of typhoons [2]. The accuracy of sea surface winds retrieved from SAR has been found to be comparable to that of scatterometer data [3], and these wind fields can be used with a data assimilation system to provide the initial conditions for the numerical weather prediction (NWP) model [4]. In this study, a data assimilation scheme is proposed to assimilate the Sentinel-1 SAR retrieved winds in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Numerical simulation experiments of the typhoon Lionrock (2016) and hurricane Hermine (2016) are conducted to test and compare different data assimilation methods.

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Bardaji R., Piera J., Bartolomé R., Dañobeitia J., García O. (2017)
User friendly tools strongly influence the use of scientific measurements from marine observatory platforms. Nowadays, because of the huge amount of marine data, available in many different formats, automate methodologies are required to effectively reduce the human effort. This work presents oceanobs, an open-source Python package that provides a wide range of tools to analyze data from marine observatories, including procedures for feature extraction, quality control generation, filtering methods and content visualization. Here we present the philosophy of implementation of the package and we focus on the data Quality Control production.
Palabras clave: Oceanography; Python; QC; Marine data; Data science

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Durán I., Vizcarro M., Torres F., Duffo N., González-Gambau V., Corbella I., Oliva R., Martín-Neira M. (2017)
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). In: Article number 8127048. ol. 2017-Julio, 699-702. DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2017.8127048.
ISBN. 978-150904951-6. (
BibTeX: duran.etal.2017g)
It has recently been found that the visibility denormalization process introduces a spatial error distribution due to small sporadic offset jumps in the PMS detectors. The radiometric impact of this error at system level is very low. However, due to the good performance of the SMOS instrument, a study has recently been conducted to evaluate the amplitude of such visibility errors and develop a
mitigation technique. The main results of this study are
summarized in this presentation.
Palabras clave: Calibration, L-band radiometry, interferometry, synthetic aperture, SMOS.

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García-Ladona E. (2017)
Atlas of Bedforms in the Western Mediterranean. Ed. J. Guillén, J. Acosta, F.L. Chiocci, A, Palanques. Springer International Publishing. 41-47. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-33940-5_8.
ISBN. 978-3-319-33938-2. (
BibTeX: garcialadona.2017b)
The main circulation patterns in the western Mediterranean are revisited and updated. The schemes are based on the previous literature, adapted and reviewed. The update concerns in particular the circulation at intermediate depths, exemplified by the Levantine Intermediate Water circulation, and includes deep water cascading and recent observations from drifting floats and mooring recordings.
Palabras clave: Ocean currents, Western Mediterranean, circulation patterns

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Garriga J., Piera J., Bartumeus F. (2017)
CEUR Workshop Proceedings 1960: 1-18. Ed. CEUR Workshop Proceedings. (
BibTeX: garriga.etal.2017)
The viability of any Citizen Science (CS) research program is absolutely conditioned to the engagement of the citizen. In a CS framework in which participants are expected to perform actions that can be later on validated, the incorporation of a reputation system can be a successful strategy to increase the overall data quality and the likelihood of engagement, and also to evaluate how close citizens fulfill the goals of the CS research program. Under the assumption that participant actions are validated using a simple discrete rating system, current reputation models, thoroughly applied in e-platform services, can be easily adapted to be used in CS frameworks. However, current reputation models implicitly assume that rated items and scored agents are the same entity, and this does not necessarily hold in a CS framework, where one may want to rate actions but score the participants generating it. We present a simple approach based on a Bayesian network representing the flow described above (user, action, validation), where participants are aggregated in a discrete set of user classes and we use the global evidence in the data base to estimate both the prior and the posterior distribution of the user classes. Afterwards, we evaluate the expertise of each participant by computing the user-class likelihood of the sequence of actions/validations observed for that user. As a proof of concept we implement our model in a real CS case, namely the Mosquito Alert project.
Palabras clave: citizen science, reputation system, Bayesian network

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King G., Portabella M., Lin W., Stoffelen A. (2017)
Associated Scientist report for the EUMETSAT OSI SAF, SAF/OSI/CDOP3/KNMI/SCI/RP/312. (
BibTeX: king.etal.2017)
Air-sea fluxes are greatly enhanced by the winds and wind structures generated
by Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs). In contrast to global numerical weather
prediction models, space-borne scatterometers are able to resolve the small-scale
wind variability in and near MCSs. Heavy rain events (rain bursts) occurring in
MCSs produce strong gusts and large divergence and curl in surface winds. In this
report wind fields from the ASCAT-A and ASCAT-B tandem mission, collocated
with Meteosat Second Generation rain fields, were used to develop a methodology
capable of identifying and quantifying correlations between wind and rain.
Categories of wind divergence, wind stress divergence, and rainfall intensity were
defined and a spatial neighbourhood spanning a 25km-by-25km block of WVCs
was searched to identify coincidences of extreme rain and extreme convergence/divergence. This showed that when there is extreme rain, there is extreme convergence/ divergence in the vicinity. The coincidences were tabulated in 3-by-3 and
2-by-2 contingency tables from which cross-correlations were calculated for each
time step in the collocation. The resulting response curves for extreme convergence
and extreme divergence each had a well-defined peak. The time lag for the convergence
peak was 30 minutes, implying that extreme rain generally appears after
(lags) extreme convergence. The overall conclusion then is that the temporal scale
of moist convection is determined by the slower updraft process. Results for wind
divergence and wind stress were qualitatively similar, wind stress divergence showing
the stronger response. This is probably due to its focus on high winds. The
report also notes that extreme convergence/divergence are concentrated in spatial
patches and recommends for further study to relate the spatial features with the
statistics, and as a focus for studying the changes in the divergence fields between
the ASCAT-A and ASCAT-B passes.

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Lin W., Portabella M., Stoffelen A., Verhoef A., Wang Z. (2017)
Associated Scientist report for the EUMETSAT OSI SAF, SAF/OSI/CDOP3/KNMI/SCI/RP/313. (
BibTeX: lin.etal.2017b)
Recent developments on the wind geophysical model function (GMF) of Ku-band scatterometers include a sea surface temperature (SST) dependent term. It has been found that the SST effects on the radar backscatter are wind speed dependent and more pronounced in vertical polarization (VV) than in horizontal polarisation (HH) at higher incidence angles, and are mainly relevant at radar wavelengths smaller than C-band. The new Ku-band GMF, NSCAT-5, is based on a physical model and RapidScat radar backscatter measurements, which are only available at two incidence angles, i.e., 48.8⁰ and 55.2⁰, for HH and VV beams, respectively. The aim of this study is to perform a preliminary verification of the NSCAT-5 GMF at similar incidence angles, using data from the recently-launched Indian SCATSat-1, which operates at 49.1⁰ (HH) and 57.9⁰ (VV) incidence angle. A more comprehensive validation will be carried out later in 2017, as part of a follow-on CDOP-3 VSA activity, including a more recent calibration version (1.2.3) and so-called stressequivalent winds.

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Lin W., Portabella M., Stoffelen A., De Chiara G., Martínez J. (2017)
Proceedings of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Fort Worth, USA, 23-28 July. (
BibTeX: lin.etal.2017c)
The assimilation of Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) winds has proven to be beneficial for the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) system, particularly over the Tropics. In this study, several important aspects of the ASCAT data are addressed in order to further test and improve the impat of scatterometer wind data assimilation into ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System (IFS). First, and improved wind quality control (QC) is proposed and used to remove unrepresentative ASCAT winds. Second, a new ASCAT wind product, more representative of the ECMWF model resolved scales, is produced by averaging the relatively-high resolution ASCAT wind vector cells to lowe resolution in an aggregation process. Two months of ASCAT low resolution data are then used to evaluate the impact of the refined QC and the aggregation technique on the IFS data assimilation.
Palabras clave: Scatterometer, winds, data assimilation, quality control, representativeness error

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Lin W., Portabella M. (2017)
ESA Bulletin. ESA progress report, ESA Contract No. AO 1-8365/15/NL/CT. (
BibTeX: lin.portabella.2017b)

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Martínez J., Olmedo E., González-Gambau V., Turiel A., Yueh S. (2017)
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). In: Article number 8127612. ol. 2017-Julio, 2931-2934. DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2017.8127612.
ISBN. 978-150904951-6. (
BibTeX: martinez.etal.2017a)
A new debiased non-Bayesian methodology has demonstrated
to be very effective for the retrieval of Sea Surface
Salinity (SSS) from brightness temperature (TB) measured
by Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) interferometric
radiometer. Applying this methodology it is possible to retrieve
SSS values in marginal seas or cold waters where the
operational retrieval does not. Another important improvement
is the possibility of defining a SMOS-based climatology
to characterize spatial biases.
Recently, using data from the Soil Moisture Active Passive
(SMAP) mission, JPL has started to produce a new 9-km
resolution TB product. The existence of such product offers
the possibility of increasing the spatial resolution and quality
of the mentioned SMOS SSS product using fusion techniques.
The aim of this work is to produce high resolution SSS
maps in marginal seas derived from the fusion of SMAP 9-
km TB and SMOS non-Bayesian debiased SSS products.
Palabras clave: SMOS, SMAP, fusion, radiometry, Brightness Temperature, Sea Surface Salinity, marginal seas

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Martín-Neira M., , , Corbella I., Torres F., Duffo N., Durán I., Kainulainen J., Closa J., Zurita A., Cabot F., Khazaal A., Anterrieu E., Barbosa J., Lopes G., Tenerelli J., Díez-García R., Fauste J., González-Gambau V., Turiel A., Delwart S., Crapolicchio R., Suess M., Mecklenburg S., Drusch M., Sabia R., Daganzo-Eusebio E., Kerr Y., Reul N. (2017)
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). In: Article number 8126943. ol. 2017-Julio, 255-258. DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2017.8126943.
ISBN. 978-150904951-6. (
BibTeX: martinneira.etal.2017)
ESA’s Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS)
mission has been in orbit for over 7 years, with its
Microwave Imaging Radiometer with Aperture
Synthesis (MIRAS) functioning well. This 7 year
period has provided a wealth of information which has
enabled us to understand and consolidate the
performance of the payload in great detail. More
importantly, we know now the things that work well,
those that need improvement, and how the instrument
could be enhanced if we were to build it again. This
paper presents the lessons learnt from SMOS after 7
years in orbit.
Palabras clave: microwave radiometry, radiometers, interferometry, soil moisture, ocean salinity, SMOS

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Park H., Camps A., González-Gambau V., Vall-llossera M. (2017)
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). In: Article number 8126945. ol. 2017-Julio, 263-266. DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2017.8126945.
ISBN. 978-150904951-6. (
BibTeX: park.etal.2017)
The impact of Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is a very
serious problem for spaceborne microwave radiometry.
Many Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) images show
serious contamination by the RFI. SMOS is even more
impacted by the RFI than real aperture case because the
grating lobes are usually higher in Synthetic Aperture
Interferometric Radiometer (SAIR) compared to real aperture
one. RFI effects should properly be mitigated or filtered out
to retrieve the geophysical parameters from SMOS
measurements. This work presents a feasibility study of RFI
mitigation/filtering for SAIRs. Instead of dealing with
brightness temperature image directly, RFI filtering of the
subspace of covariance matrix is introduced.
Palabras clave: Microwave radiometry, radio-frequency interference (RFI), soil moisture and ocean salinity (SMOS) mission, synthetic aperture radiometry

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Pelegrí J.L., Peña-Izquierdo J., Machín F., Meiners C., Presas-Navarro C. (2017)
Deep-Sea Ecosystems Off Mauritania. Ed. Ana Ramos, Fran Ramil, José Luis Sanz. Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2017. Chap. 3. 119-153. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1023-5_3.
ISBN. 978-94-024-1021-1. (
BibTeX: pelegri.etal.2017a)
TheCapeVerde(CV)Basinisthesiteoffrontsandcurrentsthatfunction as both barriers and connectors between the tropical and subtropical oceans. Here we review former studies and analyze historical, satellite and numerical data in order to portray the oceanography of the CV Basin, with emphasis on its eastern boundary— the Mauritania Slope (MS) Ocean. This is complemented with the analysis of novel hydrographic data from the continental slope. The CV Basin is a dynamic region, forced by seasonally varying winds that drive both coastal and offshore upwelling, the latter linked to the Guinea Dome. Its circulation is controlled by the seasonally changing Dome to the south and southwest, with associated cyclonic currents, and by the CV frontal system to the north, with along-slope flow convergence and offshore export. The MS Ocean is the site of the Poleward Undercurrent, undistin- guishable from the offshore Mauritania Current during winter–spring. The pre- dominant thermocline water–mass is the nutrient-rich South Atlantic Central Water, almost pure in upper layers (100–300 m)—providing for the high primary produc- tion in the entire region—and with substantial North–Atlantic contribution in its lower part (300–550 m)—in what constitutes the poorly–ventilated low oxygen minimum zone; nutrient concentrations keep increasing with depth until the core of the Antarctic Intermediate Waters (700–800 m). The CV Basin holds both the highest primary production and lowest oxygen concentrations for the entire tropical
Palabras clave: Cape Verde Basin Mauritania slope ocean Cape Verde frontal system Guinea dome Poleward undercurrent Upwelling Water masses Oxygen minimum zones Primary production Northwest Africa

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Polverari F., Portabella M., Garcia-Pereda J., Calbet X., Rípodas P. (2017)
Technical Report Numerical Weather Prediction Satellite Application Facilities NWC/CDOP2/SAF/AEMET/SCI/VSP/12, Issue 1, Rev. 2 27 September 2017. (
BibTeX: polverari.etal.2017b)

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Ramos A., Sanz J.L., Pelegrí J.L., Fernández-Peralta L., Pascual-Alayón P.J., Ramil F., Castillo S., García-Isarch E., Rocha F., Gil M., Calero B. (2017)
Deep-Sea Ecosystems Off Mauritania. Ed. Ana Ramos, Fran Ramil, José Luis Sanz. Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2017. Chap. 17. 615-659. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1023-5_17.
ISBN. 978-94-024-1021-1. (
BibTeX: ramos.etal.2017a)
Human activities in continental margins have progressively increased during the last decades, threatening vulnerable marine ecosystems in many conti- nental slopes, such as cold-water coral reefs, seamounts and canyons. In order to protect these ecosystems and ensure the sustainable management of resources, countries and organizations should endorse effective policy actions. However, nowadays about only 0.8% of the oceans and 6% of the territorial seas belong to conservation area systems, a lack of protection that is particularly acute in deep-sea waters. The Mauritanian continental margin is the outcome of exceptional marine features, with abrupt canyon systems, sediment slides and a giant carbonate-mounds barrier occurring together. Mauritanian waters have both tropical and subtropical origins, being affected by coastal and offshore upwelling that leads to elevated productivity and abundant fishery resources. Soft-bottom habitats hold high diversity of species, and hard-bottoms sustain assemblages of suspension- feeders and vulnerable species. Nevertheless, despite the recent increase of ex- tractive activities, the location and characterization of those Mauritanian deep-water areas of biological or ecological interest that require protection remain poorly known. The Maurit surveys have offered the opportunity to perform a first approach to the biodiversity and ecosystems in soft and hard bottoms of the Mauritanian outer shelf and slope. This last chapter provides an integrated overview of the demersal and benthic communities inhabiting Mauritanian deep waters and describes areas of particular ecological and/or biological interest that are vulnerable habitats and should be preserved according to international conventions.
Palabras clave: Geomorphology Water masses Biodiversity Ecosystems Megabenthos Demersal fauna Soft-bottom habitats VMEs EBSAs Coral carbonate mounds Canyons Seamount Deep sea Mauritania Northwest Africa

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Rubino R., Torres F., Duffo N., González-Gambau V., Corbella I., Martín-Neira M. (2017)
International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). In: Article number 8127047. ol. 2017-Julio, 697-698. DOI: 10.1109/IGARSS.2017.8127047.
ISBN. 978-150904951-6. (
BibTeX: rubino.etal.2017b)
It has recently been demonstrated that boresight averaged
Faraday rotation angle (FRA) can be retrieved directly from
SMOS full-pol radiometric data. However, in order to extend
FRA retrievals to the full Alias-Free Field of View (AF-FoV),
SMOS relatively poor pixel radiometric sensitivity and
accuracy must be compensated by spatial and temporal
averaging. This requires some kind of tradeoff to constrain
systematic FRA estimation bias both within SMOS AF-FoV
and along the orbit. This work presents the first results given
by a SMOS end-to-end FRA simulator, currently under
development, that is used to trim and assess the performance
of several FRA retrieval approaches.
Palabras clave: Faraday rotation, L-band radiometry, Interferometric synthetic aperture radiometry, SMOS.

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Trindade A., Portabella M., Lin W., Stoffelen A. (2017)
Proceedings of the International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Fort Worth, USA, 23-28 July. (
BibTeX: trindade.etal.2017)
Local systematic differences between scatterometer and
global numerical weather prediction (NWP) model stress
equivalent winds (SEW) are due to unresolved geophysical
processes by the model, e.g., ocean currents and moist convection.
A scatterometer-based correction,which contains the
mesoscale information present in the Advanced Scatterometer
(ASCAT) observations, sets the grounds for a high-resolution
ocean forcing product. To assess the effectiveness of such
correction, a Monte Carlo simulation procedure is applied
to NWP SEW. It allows for a thorough evaluation of the
NWP error reduction, which depends on the scatterometer
sampling. The local NWP biases are reduced at the cost of a
somewhat increased variance, and the total error mitigation
is constrained to regions covered by the scatterometer at least
3 times over 5 days. Despite the limited sampling in the
tropics, the real NWP corrected SEW over the West African
coast show areas of increased wind variability associated to
moist convection.
Palabras clave: NWP, stress equivalent winds, systematic errors, mesoscale,West Africa

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Grieco G., Nirchio F., Montuori A., Migliaccio M., Lin W., Portabella M. (2016)
Proceedings of the ESA Living Planet Symposium 2016, 9 - 13 May 2016, Prague, Czech Republic, ESA SP-740 (DVD). (
BibTeX: grieco.etal.2016a)
The dependency of the azimuth wavelength cut-off on
the wind speed has been studied through a dataset of
Sentinel-1 multi look SAR images co-located with wind
speed measurements, significant wave height and mean
wave direction from ECMWF operational output.
A Geophysical Model Function (GMF) has been fitted
and a retrieval exercise has been done comparing the
results to a set of independent wind speed scatterometer
measurements of the Chinese mission HY-2A. The
preliminary results show that the dependency of the
azimuth cut-off on the wind speed is linear only for
fully developed sea states and that the agreement
between the retrieved values and the measurements is
good especially for high wind speed.
A similar approach has been used to assess the
dependency of the azimuth cut-off also for X-band
COSMO-SkyMed data. The dataset is still incomplete
but the preliminary results show a similar trend.

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Griego G., Lin W., Migliaccio M., Portabella M. (2016)
Proceedings International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Beijing, China, 11-15 July, 2016. (
BibTeX: griego.etal.2016c)
The empirical dependence of the azimuth wavelength cut-off
on the significant wave height and on the wind speed have
been studied. The azimuth cut-off is estimated on the fitting
of a Gaussian function to the azimuth autocorrelation function
of the radar cross section. The feasibility of estimating
the significant wave height and/or the wind speed has been
investigated as well. We use SAR images acquired by the
European Sentinel 1 from the beginning of November 2014
to the end of April 2015 co-located with the scatterometer
winds acquired by the Chinese sensor HSCAT and the significant
wave height from ECMWF forecasts. The correlation
between the azimuth cut-off and the significant wave height
is rather strong. A linear geophysical model function is fitted
in order to estimate it. The dependence on the wind speed is
secondary and becomes remarkable only when the sea state
is fully developed. A significant wave height retrieval exercise
is proposed and the results are compared with the buoy
measurements of the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) network
Palabras clave: SAR, significant wave height, Sentinel 1

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Jiménez-Madrid J.A., García-Ladona E., Meruelo B.B. (2016)
Oil Pollution in the Mediterranean Sea: Part I – The International Context. Ed. A. Carpenter and A.G. Kostianoy. Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016. 305-324. DOI: 10.1007/698_2016_37.
ISBN. 978-3-030-12236-2. (
BibTeX: jimenezmadrid.etal.2016a)
In this chapter, different kinds of oil spill beaching maps are proposed for the
Mediterranean. These beaching maps can be useful as a complementary tool
to vulnerability analysis and risk assessment in the Mediterranean. Firstly, it
is defined an oil beaching map for a single point, which is the situation, for
example, in the analysis of an oil platform. Next, the oil beaching map is
defined for a line, analysing the main route of oil tankers in the
Mediterranean. The final oil beaching maps defined show the percentage of
particles which reach the coast in an interval of time: one week, two weeks,
one month and two months. The information depicted in the maps is based on
Lagrangian simulations using particles as a proxy of oil spills evolving
according the environmental conditions provided by a hindcast model of
the Mediterranean circulation.
Palabras clave: Mediterranean Sea - Oil spill - Beaching map - Lagrangian simulation

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Lin W., Chiara G., Portabella M., Stoffelen A., Vogelzang J., Verhoef A. (2016)
Proceedings International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Beijing, China, 11-15 July, 2016. (
BibTeX: lin.etal.2016k)
In contrast with scatterometer wind data, Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models do not well resolve the mesoscale sea surface wind flow under increased wind variability conditions, such as in the vicinity of low-pressure centers, frontal lines, and moist convection. In this paper, several important issues are addressed in order to improve the impact of scatterometer data assimilation into global and regional NWP models, including model error structure functions, situation-dependent Observation/ Background error estimation, and improved scatterometer wind quality control.
Palabras clave: Scatterometer, data assimilation, ambiguity removal, quality control, singularity analysis

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Lin W., Portabella M., Stoffelen A., Verhoef A., Lang S., Zhang Y., Lin M. (2016)
Proceedings International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Beijing, China, 11-15 July, 2016. (
BibTeX: lin.etal.2016j)
This paper reviews several wind quality-sensitive parameters
derived from HY-2A scatterometer data, such as the windinversion
residual (or Maximum Likelihood Estimator, MLE)
and its spatially averaged value, and the singularity exponent
(SE) derived from an image processing technique, called
singularity analysis. Their sensitivity to data quality is
evaluated using the collocated European Centre for
Medium-range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) model
output and satellite radiometer rain data. It shows that SE is
the best quality indicator, followed by the spatially averaged
MLE and the conventional MLE. A set of MLE and SE
thresholds are derived from the sensitivity analysis in order
to optimize the quality control (QC) for the HY-2A
scatterometer.
Palabras clave: HY-2A scatterometer, wind, quality control, singularity exponent, rain

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Lin W., Portabella M., Stoffelen A., Vogelzang J., De Chiara G. (2016)
Technical Report Numerical Weather Prediction Satellite Application Facilities NWPSAF-KN-VS-017. (
BibTeX: lin.etal.2016n)

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Olmedo E., Turiel A., Ballabrera-Poy J., Martínez J., Portabella M., González-Gambau V., Gabarró C., Pérez F., Hoareau N., Piles M., Font J. (2016)
Proceedings International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Beijing, China, 11-15 July, 2016. (
BibTeX: olmedo.etal.2016c)
New ocean products from the Soil Moisture and Ocean
Salinity (SMOS) mission are being developed at the
Barcelona Expert Centre. Besides the already operational 9-
day and monthly sea surface salinity (SSS) products, two
additional daily SSS products have been recently become
operational: a simple user-friendly product containing all
swath-based Level 2 data for each day, and a more
elaborated product that uses multifractal fusion techniques
to increase the spatial and temporal resolution. Finally,
experimental BEC products are also presented which
provide SSS values in regions strongly affected by radiofrequency
interference (RFI). Recent progress on Land-Sea
contamination mitigation has been applied to the BEC
products.
Palabras clave: Radiometry, SMOS, salinity

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Salat J., Pascual J., Borràs G. (2016)
IX Congrés Ibèric de Gestió i Planificació de l’Aigua. València, 7-9 setembre 2016. Fundación Nueva Cultura del Agua ‐C/Pedro Cerbuna, 12, 4ºdcha.‐50009 Zaragoza. 1030-1039.
ISBN. 978-84-944788-1-9. (
BibTeX: salat.etal.2016)
El projecte LIFE MEDACC (\"Mediterranean Adaptation to Climate Change\") ha estudiat l’evolució recent dels cabals en capçalera del Segre, el Ter i la Muga, amb l’objectiu d’avaluar l’impacte dels forçaments climàtics i els canvis d’usos del sòl. En aquesta comunicació ens centrarem en la Muga, on els cabals s’han reduït a la capçalera i han augmentat a la plana litoral. Mentre a la capçalera hi ha hagut disminució de la precipitació i un procés d\'aforestació per abandonament de conreus, a la part baixa s’hauria incrementat la precipitació. Això planteja una possible influència de l’evaporació marina i vents litorals en la precipitació. Aquests dos factors ‐relacionats amb intercanvis aire‐mar‐ s’han obtingut a l’estació de l’Estartit (Empordà), prop de la conca del riu. Llur evolució podria explicar la reducció de precipitacions primaverals i estivals, i alhora un reforçament durant la tardor, prop de la costa.
Palabras clave: riu Muga, reducció de cabals, canvis d’usos del sòl, tendències climàtiques, intercanvis aire‐mar

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Toma D.M., del Rio J., Cadena J., Bghiel I., Martínez E., , , Dañobeitia J., Sorribas J., Casas R., Piera J., Bartolome R., Bardaji R. (2016)
Proceedings of the Geospatial Sensor Webs Conference 2016. Ed. S. Jirka , C. Stasch, A. Hitchcock. (
BibTeX: toma.etal.2016b)
he EMSODEV[1] (European Multidisciplinary Seafloor and water column Observatory DEVelopment) is an EU project whose general objective is to set up the full implementation and operation of the EMSO distributed Research Infrastructure (RI), through the development, testing and deployment of an EMSO Generic Instrument Module (EGIM). This research infrastructure will provide accurate records on marine environmental changes from distributed local nodes around Europe. These observations are critical to respond accurately to the social and scientific challenges such as climate change, changes in marine ecosystems, and marine hazards. In this paper we present the design and development of the EGIM data acquisition system. EGIM is able to operate on any EMSO node, mooring line, sea bed station, cabled or non-cabled and surface buoy. In fact a central function of EGIM within the EMSO infrastructure is to have a number of ocean locations where the same set of core variables are measured homogeneously: using the same hardware, same sensor references, same qualification methods, same calibration methods, same data format and access, and same maintenance procedures.
Palabras clave: EMSO; data acquisition; EMSODE; EGIM; OGC;SOS; SE; SWE; Sensor; Zabbix

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Turiel A., González-Gambau V., Olmedo E., Martínez J., Ballabrera-Poy J., Portabella M. (2016)
Proceedings International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), Beijing, China, 11-15 July, 2016. (
BibTeX: turiel.etal.2016g)
This work is devoted to describe the new processing
techniques that are being conceived, developed and
implemented at the Barcelona Expert Centre (BEC) for the
generation of sea surface salinity (SSS) maps from the Soil
Mooisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. Several
algorithms to mitigate the ripples and sidelobes present in
the SMOS brightness temperature (TB) images, to
characterize the spatial correlations in the SMOS antennas,
to correct for the systematic SSS-derived biases, and to
improve the spatial and temporal resolution of the SSS
products, have been recently developed and are presented in
this paper.
Palabras clave: Nodal sampling, fusion, bias correction